The Norwegians do not think that the crime defines the person. Having said that, they also understand that different people respond to carrot and stick differently.

If the prisoner needs mental healthcare, he or she is housed in a different unit with more restrictions. Drug addicts are in a different unit.

High risk prisoners do not get private visits. Prisoners can get a 24 hr stay in a chalet with their family.

This mindset helps as it gives the prisoner choices. The prisoner has more options to spend their time from 8 to 8. They are paid to stay out of the cell.

There is still a stick. Cell confinement is a punishment. You can be transferred out of the prison.

An interesting fact. The guards are also trained as social welfare officers. The guards also interreact with the prisoners during meals and play games with them.

TLDR.

The prison is for the prisoner to cool off and find his or her bearing in life. Pick up healthy past times. The entire prison is to give the prisoner a model environment that that resembles civilized society for them to learn and adapt.